Compare and contrast the new scientific knowledge of the 19th century with that of the 16th and 17th centuries.



Less attention to astrology and less emphasis on industrial advances

Many medical advances (ether and chloroform, pasteurization, Lister and carbolic acid) and a shift to preventative medicine

theoretical advances in pure sciences- thermodynamics (the theory took off after the invention of the steam engine), Faraday (generator, electromagnetic induction), Medeleyev (periodic table), evolution

Effects spanned more of the socio-economic classes than previously (materialism)

Social sciences also experienced a resurgence